Blurb:

Celtic oppida in Central Europe show more or less the same development as undefended open sites, the only difference being fortification. Both types of sites display the same linear elements (connction-lines, closed and open units) which could be of social , ritual or other common functional nature. The various combinations of these elements are typical for different settlement patterns, being dependent on geographical, political or economic factors. The fortifications of the oppida are considered not only as signs for the display of power but also as symbols of the complex network of Celtic life and the danger menacing the late Celtic society.